The Legok Nangka waste-to-energy plant and Sarulla geothermal project remain active under AZEC. The March 15 MoC adds nuclear to a bilateral energy agenda that already spans geothermal, LNG, coal, and critical minerals.
Thailand and Myanmar have introduced fuel conservation policies as global energy prices rise. The measures aim to manage domestic demand and stabilize supply.
Analysts say recent geopolitical tensions are highlighting Southeast Asia’s reliance on imported fuels. The discussion is increasingly focused on energy diversification.
The IEA reports that coal demand in Southeast Asia is growing faster than in most other regions, reflecting rising electricity needs. The transition challenge is becoming more complex.